But in many instances the civilians were attacked, maimed or killed by the state and even non-state actors who use this kind of war tactic against civilians as an instrument to mount pressure on each other or to create massive fear among the people.
The responsibility to protect the civilians during the conflict is principally vested upon the State authority, especially the protection of those people who are not or no longer directly participating in hostilities or other acts of violence. The armed conflict affects all sections of the population and damages their socio-economic backbones and it seriously alters the life of women and young children disproportionately during and even after the violent conflict. They are often forcefully included as child soldiers or fighters. Unarmed civilians in violent conflict zones are not only account for a vast number of casualties but also succumb to unlawful detention, abductions, sexual violence, displacement, lack of access to food, water, medicine including humanitarian assistance. The post-Cold War era has witnessed enormous physical violence against civilians inflicted by the warring factions.
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